Higher-octane fuels are more resistant to engine knock than lower-octane options. This is why most high-performance engines require higher-octane fuels–in the simplest of terms, these fuels are more compatible with increased cylinder pressures, whether they’re due to the compression rat…
It is my opinion that most modern cars can benefit from higher octane fuels. I know the manual and the flap over the cap says you can run the cheap stuff, but it has been my experience with even cheap cars that the adaptive engine management on new cars can make the most of higher octane.
For instance, I had a 1999 Hyundai Tiburon. With it's wheezy 135hp, it was not a big performer. It got epa rated to 30mpg. I consistantly got 35mpg, much more so than most people in the forum that was attached to the car. I ran 93 octane. I tried the lower stuff to test, and my MPGs would suffer as a result. In the end, I will admit, it was a wash as far as money to miles driven was concerned. Spend more at the pump and go further or spend less and have to fill up a little more often. The money evened out.
I never raced the car or dynoed it, but I always wondered if I had a few more ponies under the hood on 93 octane as the management more fully advanced the timing
In reply to mad_machine :
That really depends on the car. Some allow knock control to advance the spark when it sees high octane fuel. Some don't. And even some that do are very conservative about doing it.
Which is to say that everyone should experiment with their own car to see if there's a difference. And then, like you, do the math to see if it's worth it.
Pretty much every car that is made is knock limited at some point, as OEM's try to make sure the engine is as effecient as possible, so it runs as high a knock for the nominal region where it runs.
The big factor ignored here is ethanol. Ethanol degrades fuel faster than the gasoline degrades, despite increasing octane equivalent rating. 93 octane pump gas is typically 91 octane gasoline with ethanol added. Ethanol-free 91 octane gasoline will last longer than 93 containing ethanol, despite the lower rating.
Larry said:The big factor ignored here is ethanol. Ethanol degrades fuel faster than the gasoline degrades, despite increasing octane equivalent rating. 93 octane pump gas is typically 91 octane gasoline with ethanol added. Ethanol-free 91 octane gasoline will last longer than 93 containing ethanol, despite the lower rating.
A lot of people say that Ethanol is evil, and breaks down. But I've never seen any evidence of that. And my cars run fine with 5 year old E10 in them.
E10 can hurt rubber bits if they're old and not alcohol compatible, but I'll agree, properly stored and stabilized E10 has never been an issue for me. My lawnmower sat with a tank full of it all winter, ran just fine for the first mow of the spring while I burned it off. The tank of stabilized E10 in the Jeep is a bit over 5 months old at this point, no issues.
rslifkin said:E10 can hurt rubber bits if they're old and not alcohol compatible, but I'll agree, properly stored and stabilized E10 has never been an issue for me. My lawnmower sat with a tank full of it all winter, ran just fine for the first mow of the spring while I burned it off. The tank of stabilized E10 in the Jeep is a bit over 5 months old at this point, no issues.
IMHO, for that specific case, that's more of a problem of who made it, unless it's an old part. E10 has been the nominal US fuel for so long that there's no excuse to not be robust to it. Let alone it's been available for somewhere around 40 years.
At least in the boat world, rubber bits from the early 90s and up (somewhere around 91 - 93) are usually alcohol compatible. Older stuff typically isn't, so that's where you start to see issues. Oh, and it can eat certain types of fiberglass fuel tanks. But as long as issues like that are known and managed, it works just fine.
I recently started using 93 octane at every 2nd or 3rd fill-up of my Crown Victoria to help stave off another round of problems with the fuel injection system. This car acts like it would be okay running on Kerosene, but about 6 months ago I got a MIL and it turned out to be an injector going bad. The Shell brand has I use is supposed to help keep injection problems to a minimum.
I also switched to premium in anticipation of trading up to a Fiesta ST.
My FiST runs just fine on 87. So this summer I will have to run a tank of 93, do some tests and report back.
A to B outlier test on octane. Same exact ignition map in my Avalanche and the SWMBO’s Suburban. On 87, which she runs, will pull 5^ due to knock plus that’s the limit I have programmed in to the pcm. I run either 93 from sams club or e85. I’ve done more recorded log files on my Avalanche and I don’t have any knock. Plus mine is way more fun to drive as it’s chirps the tires going into 2 through 4th.... 
In reply to mad_machine :
Premium fuels don't alcohol added. That's cause of the difference in MPH you're seeing. MBTE blends are even worse.
Gasoline is different stuff depending on which refinery it came from. Adding the variable of ethanol is a big wild card on top of that.
F1 supposedly uses fuel with an octane number around 87. My impression is it's the best balance of energy versus combustion properties. Reading their rules, it sounds like they use blend of fairly pure components which should result in a product that has a longer shelf life. I wonder if the teams have one blend made and use it for most of the year, or have different blends for different tracks...
I have done my own tests in a 1994 Honda (supposedly pre-OBDII by 2 years). The recommended fuel is Premium. It gets about 1 mpg better economy on Premium, just enough that it is usually worth using the higher octane fuel.
In reply to USGUYS :
My impression is that ethanol is used in every grade of fuel in states with pollution control testing.
MTBE is at least partially banned in at least 23 states. I can't remember the last time I saw it listed on a pump (left coast driver). I am pretty sure it has a higher energy content than ethanol, so should get higher MPG.
E10 is the nominal national standard.
And MTBE has been banned from fuels for a long time, way longer than it's been used for certification fuel around the standards it was written for.
Also, gas being "different"- it is, but within a very tight bounds of what is allowed. The real factor in why gas is different is that regional blends are allowed in various parts of the country to try to meet some air quality issues. Which really isn't refinery related, but area related. And, in these days, isn't as helpful as it used to be. Getting rid of the various blends and resorting to a fixed set of seasonal options (like California states) would be a net benefit for the entire country.
One other thing- octane does NOT indicated how combustible a fuel is, it's a measure of how stable it is when subjected to conditions that can result in knock (aka- spontaneous explosion).
F1 is trying to push engine efficiency for normal road cars by spec'ing THE nominal fuel available around the world.
rslifkin said:At least in the boat world, rubber bits from the early 90s and up (somewhere around 91 - 93) are usually alcohol compatible. Older stuff typically isn't, so that's where you start to see issues. Oh, and it can eat certain types of fiberglass fuel tanks. But as long as issues like that are known and managed, it works just fine.
I'm glad you mentioned the tanks. When I worked for MerCruiser, the rubber bits weren't the issue. It was the fiberglass tanks from some companies.
alfadriver said:Larry said:The big factor ignored here is ethanol. Ethanol degrades fuel faster than the gasoline degrades, despite increasing octane equivalent rating. 93 octane pump gas is typically 91 octane gasoline with ethanol added. Ethanol-free 91 octane gasoline will last longer than 93 containing ethanol, despite the lower rating.
A lot of people say that Ethanol is evil, and breaks down. But I've never seen any evidence of that. And my cars run fine with 5 year old E10 in them.
That and water absorption Sitting in the tank there is a path for outside air to infiltrate and carry some water molecules with it, but it’s the same path that allows the lighter ends to escape from.
Unless there is a molecule cop on that pathway it won’t work both ways in and out at the same time.
Besides gasoline has always had water in it. Look under the hoods of cars from the 30’s -40’s- 50’s You’ll see glass water traps to show you how much water is in the fuel.
A little water isn’t a bad thing. Assuming the wiring is up to snuff cars always run smoother in the rain. And help prevent knock while cleaning the combustion chamber.
USGUYS said:In reply to mad_machine :
Premium fuels don't alcohol added. That's cause of the difference in MPH you're seeing. MBTE blends are even worse.
Even premium has 10% ethanol added. Except for non oxygenated fuel which isn’t legal in newer vehicles.
In reply to frenchyd :
Good point on the water absorption. Prior to ethanol being common, it was common to see people add stuff to fuel to soak up the water. Ethanol already does that and for the most part, the water passes through the system harmlessly. It's only an issue if you get so much water in that the fuel separates, but that would be approaching a problematic amount of water sitting in the bottom of the tank without ethanol anyway.
In reply to rslifkin :
And gas stations still sell the alcohol in a can and people still put in their tanks. The cars continue to run fine. I guess.
I call BS on pretty much this entire article.
Mr Santner might be a Technical Specialist, but he doesn't bother to mention that the number he is talking about is the AKI, not the octane. And his recommendation that you should run 93 AKI in a car which specificies 87? Sheesh.
In reply to tcora :
Isn't that what octane rating is.
AKI is one measure of octane. It's the average of research octane and motor octane (2 different methods of determining octane).
In reply to rslifkin :
In other words, pump rating
iceracer said:In reply to rslifkin :
In other words, pump rating
More specifically, US pump rating. AKI =RON+MON/2. Whereas the rest of the world uses RON. Not sure how that invalidates the entire article, though.
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