I mentioned the novice schools we had here. Kevin Allen, who is our best driver but mainly does Stage rally now, put this together a number of years back as a learning aid. He detailed how he had his Impreza RS set up, then went on to explain a bit on how to drive and why certain things mattered more than others.
One of the biggest points in this was "If your car is easy to drive, you'll be able to drive it consistently."
Kevin Allen’s 2000 2.5RS Rallycross Car Info:
Parts are OE or OE-equivalent except for the following…
Whiteline anti-lift kit – helps the front end follow the contour of the ground & maintains traction under deceleration and acceleration
2004 USDM STi struts and 07 WRX springs – cheap, great damping, spring rate is just right for rallyx & raises the car about ½”, close enough to stock design to work (with minor modifications) on the RS, comfy on the street. The rear suspension is mounted to the car with Group N tophats.
Eibach camber bolts added to front strut lowest mounting point, full negative camber with factory bolts and added bolts, zero toe – maintains camber when cornering, which keeps the tread – not the sidewall - on the ground
Eibach camber bolts added to rear strut upper hub mounting location at full negative camber; the STi struts add + 1° of camber in the rear, so these take them back to approximately where they were with the stock bolts
17mm rear anti-roll bar from 06 WRX – not too big to allow independent suspension travel but much less roll on the street than with stock 13mm bar; well-balanced on rallyx courses
SuperPro polyurethane steering rack bushings – minimizes side-to-side movement of steering rack when changing direction
STi Group N engine & transmission mounts + pitch stop – removes almost all slop experienced when applying/ lifting off throttle
DIY rear diff support bushings – reduce clunking of rear diff when applying & lifting off throttle
Forester XT short shift lever – shorter throw, closer to steering wheel
Kartboy shifter bushings (full set) – more precise shifting
Rear subframe lock bolts – keep the rear subframe from moving around & messing up the alignment
Lightweight bumper beams in front & rear – they drop about 25 lbs at each end (better steering response/rotation)
Lightweight battery – Odyssey PC625 – drops about 25 lbs from in front of LF tire
DIY cold air intake with K&N filter in stock filter box
stromung midpipe with 05 Forester XT axle-back – better sound (but quiet on the highway) and a few hp (?)
Exedy street performance clutch and ACT lightweight flywheel – man, this thing revs hard now!
Subaru 4-piston front calipers (the gray ones) with Hawk HPS pads – great feel, great braking
Hawk HP+ pads in rear – more aggressive than front pads for more rear bias
Rocker switch on dash to turn off ABS – and unlike the WRX, the RS ABS can be turned off and back on while the car is still running
03 WRX front seats – lots more support, but they could be a lot lighter and slightly lower. CG Lock installed on driver’s seat
Rally Armor mud flaps – protect the paint from big rocks and stuff
Steel DIY skid plate I bought used from a friend – covers the oil pan and exhaust manifold
Raceline RL-7’s with 195/65/15 Kumho R700 rally tires for rallycross and 2000 2.5RS wheels with 205/55/16 Avon Tech M550 A/S street tires for daily driving and playing around in the dirt (they also make great stock class rallyx tires). Rally tires make a huge difference in grip and times on dirt. If they’re allowed in your class, use them.
Wanted list:
Lightweight hood
Roll bar for time trials
What you actually NEED to be competitive in an old-skool 2.5RS…
1. Mad driving skills.
2. The best tires for the conditions to be encountered and legal according to your class rules, preferably on a spare set of 15” wheels.
3. Reliable engine and transmission, no busted or semi-busted drivetrain parts that are going to cause a mechanical DNF. And if the class rules say you can replace engine mounts, replace them with Group N mounts.
4. No busted or semi-busted suspension parts. Should have relatively fresh struts of the type allowed by the rules. If the rules say it has to be OE, then you replace your worn-out OE struts with new OE struts; if the rules say adjustable rally struts are allowed, then that’s what you should use – if that’s what the competition has & they’re beating you by a very small margin.
5. Some way to keep you in your seat so you can drive the car 100% - whether it’s a harness, a locking lap belt, a locking stock belt or a CG lock.
6. Lots of practice.
Driving tips for rallycross: how to be fast without breaking your car.
Walk the course a LOT (and know it – don’t just walk around carrying on a conversation with somebody or looking at the pretty flowers). If the course designers need help with setup, be there to help. Make mental notes about where you have to be careful, where you can really push it, where it will probably get rutted, and any other useful things that might help later, when you’re actually running the course.
If the course is going to rut pretty quickly, line up at the front; if there’s mud, cut grass or something else that hinders grip that will disappear as the cars cycle through, line up at the back. You may have to hear some complaints about it later from those who were at the other end of the line, but if they really wanted to win they’d be there right in front of or behind YOU. So just smile and nod.
Be careful (but not SLOW!) on the first run, then attack on the next run, using your experiences from the first run to determine where to go faster. Compare your times to those of your competition to determine whether you can be safe on the runs that follow, or you need to pull out all the stops for at least a few runs. It’s much less stressful to get an advantage on the first course and protect it on the second than to have to come from behind to win.
Don’t hit cones! Autocrossers sometimes need to drive within an inch of the important cones to win; rallycrossers need to stay away from those cones, because they don’t get “throw-away” runs. Try to be within a foot or so of the important cones – it’s very easy to hook a rut or catch traction in the wrong place, and feel the car suddenly head right for the cone. If you run it over, that’s 2 seconds. If you lift or brake and steer away from it, that’s a time penalty, too.
Don’t just look ahead, THINK AHEAD. Remember the mental notes you made while walking the course and review them as you come up on the corners they apply to. But definitely look ahead as you enter a corner – you may see something that will require you to change the line you had planned to take, or maybe just a change in speed.
Remember that at least 75% of the people out there will either not know what they’re doing, not care what they’re doing because they’re just there for fun, or just keep making careless mistakes. So you’ll have to drive around their mistakes. The most common mistake people make is entering a corner too fast and too straight &/or turning late and understeering all the way through it. This will kill their times, and it will damage the corner with front tire ruts. Sometimes, if the corner is big enough, there will be ruts one or two car widths from the inside cones, with lots of loose dirt on the outside of that. In this case, you can just slow down early and drive on the undamaged, grippy area next to the cones to minimize distance. Sometimes the corner will be tighter, and there will be deep ruts to deal with. In this case there’s usually no room to go inside, so if you’re confident you won’t break something on the bottom of the car or debead a tire, you just have to slow down and drive in the ruts. Don’t bounce the car around, though, because if the tires are off the ground you can’t use them to accelerate. (Duh.) And if you can keep the tires out of the bottom of the ruts by driving slightly up on the outside of the ruts, do that. Sometimes you can then late apex the corner by letting the car come off the “banking” and going diagonally across the ruts at the exit instead of following them through where the hacks understeered out of the corner. If the corner opens onto a long “straight” and there’s not a huge amount of loose dirt or rough terrain on the outside, it may be better to go slightly deeper into the corner, around the ruts, and then use a really late apex to be at full throttle earlier so that you make better time on the straight. This works better with AWD cars, but can work well with 2WD cars if you do it right. Just remember that you will have to cross the ruts at the exit to make this work.
Get the car turned early! The understeer problem mentioned above is a great way to debead a tire, a great way to make sure you waste as much time as you can while in a corner, and a great way to come out of a corner at the slowest speed possible. If you turn the car early, you’ll set yourself up to hit the next corner at a good speed, and if there are several corners linked together that get progressively faster (which is ALWAYS the case on the courses I design), you’ll be flying when you come out of the last corner. If you understeer through every corner in the sequence, guess how fast you’ll be going… (slow).
Sideways is slow. Think about what the tires are doing while you’re counter-steering at full throttle through a turn in an AWD car. The fronts are pulling you in the right direction, but the rears are just pushing you toward the apex. If you’re in a FWD car, you’re dragging the rear tires and slowing the car. If you’re in a RWD car, the fronts are just rolling along, while the rears are pushing you toward the apex and momentum is carrying you through the corner. Try to keep all the driven wheels pointing in the general direction you want to go. This will mean that you turn early, center the steering wheel and accelerate. If you throw the car into a slight drift, all you have to do to change direction is lift, turn in the new direction and then get back on the gas. You should be making very small steering corrections if you’re making any. If you’re constantly turning the steering wheel back and forth at huge angles, you’re not helping yourself any.
Don’t hit the ruts or rough spots too hard – try to minimize the impact by braking a little and/or using a diagonal crossing if you need to cross them, or by entering at a shallow angle if you need to be in them. If you break the car you won’t win, and you won’t be having fun as you’re pushing or towing it off the course. You may add a little time by being careful, but it’s better than a DNF. And if you hit the rough spots too hard and make the tires come off the ground, you can't use them to accelerate, so slower will be faster anyway.
Remember that the longer you make the course, the longer it will take to drive it – and over 6 runs, you can add a lot of distance. So be efficient with your line. Ever had the cruise control set on the Interstate and been following the car in front of you at the exact same distance for miles, then when you hit a curve you change to the inside lane and suddenly you’re gaining on them? If not, try it sometime. Then remind yourself of that when you’re coming up on the next corner at a rallycross.
Car setup for rallycross
Suspension travel… More travel is better, until your CG gets too high. Stock Subaru STi suspension has around 6-7 inches of travel, and has felt great on every course I’ve run.
Damping… If your dampers are worn out, you’re going to be oscillating from full bump to full droop all over the course. Get some fresh dampers, but not something that’s built for tarmac. (Konis aren’t designed for rallycross, they’re made for relatively smooth tarmac – I know this from experience.) Extremely stiff dampers are going to make the car bounce around, so use something that keeps the suspension from oscillating on the faster stuff, but doesn’t make it too bouncy on the slower stuff.
Springs… Soft springs can allow the car to bottom out on big bumps, really stiff springs won’t allow enough travel. Use something medium-stiff. For Subarus, that would mean something like the stock STi springs. And DON’T USE LOWERING SPRINGS!!!!!
Bushings… Worn out bushings can break, cause too much movement & affect handling, etc. and should be replaced.
Engine/drivetrain… Handling is way more important than a little extra power, but if your engine is dying or your drivetrain is busted you’re not going to get very far. Make sure everything is working. Stiffer engine and transmission mounts are a good thing.
Brakes… The brakes should be able to slow you down while on course, and stop you after the finish. Make sure they’re capable of that. Disable the ABS.
Seats… Need to be supportive and comfortable.
Restraints… Should hold you in place while the course tries to throw you around. CG Lock works great. Don’t install shoulder harnesses without a roll bar.
Anti-roll bars… Aren’t very important as long as they aren’t so big that they prevent your suspension from moving independently.
Weight… Decrease grip, and weight really makes a difference. The less the car weighs, the better.
Underbody protection… Isn’t usually needed at rallycrosses, but you should look under your car and see if there’s anything that looks like it might be important, then if necessary, take steps to keep it from being ripped off. : )
Tires… Are the most important thing on the car. Different surfaces require different tread pattern and compound, so I’ll just say that for loose dirt you need tires that work well in loose dirt.
As far as general car behavior, the easier the car is to drive the more consistent you’ll be at making it do what you want it to do. If my 2.5RS was any easier to drive, I could sit in the shade and watch it run the course by itself.